Counter-Currents
  • Advertise
  • Private Events
  • T&C
  • About
  • Contact
  • RSS
    • Main feed
    • Podcast feed
    • Videos feed
    • Comments feed
  • Welcome
  • Webzine
  • Books
  • Merch
  • Podcasts
  • Videos
  • Donate
  • Patrons
  • Subscribe
  • Crypto

LEVEL2

Donate Now Mailing list
Upcoming podcasts
  • Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio

    Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio

    Counter-Currents Radio

    06/13/2026 — 3 pm EST / 9 pm CET

Writers of May

(2 votes) Morris van de Camp David M. Zsutty Derek Stark Jayant Bhandari Greg Johnson

Articles of May

Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part One by Collin Cleary The Lunch Wars by David M. Zsutty 2 votes
  • Welcome
  • Webzine
  • Books
  • Merch
  • Podcasts
  • Videos
  • Donate
  • Patrons
  • Subscribe
  • Crypto
    • Editor’s Update
      Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio, Fundraiser Update, & a New $20,000 Matching Grant

      Greg Johnson

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part Three

      Collin Cleary

      7

    • Uncivil War

      Mark Gullick

      31

    • Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky:
      The Final Chapter in the Film Series! Part II

      Ondrej Mann

      2

    • Happy Birthday to Us!

      Greg Johnson

      6

    • Zsutty’s Maximum

      David M. Zsutty

      15

    • Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky:
      The Final Chapter in the Film Series! Part I

      Ondrej Mann

      2

    • The Union Jackal, June 2026

      Mark Gullick

      23

    • The Inferiority Behind Immigrant Superiority

      Jayant Bhandari

      15

    • Counter-Currents Radio Podcast No. 690
      Greg Johnson & David Zsutty Discuss Current Things: AI, Henry Nowak, the Iran Crisis, & More

      Counter-Currents Radio

      5

    • Collin Cleary: What Rome Means to Me

      Collin Cleary

      4

    • Paul Krugman: Closet Bolshevik

      Spencer J. Quinn

      19

    • Fugue of Ideas:
      Ibram X. Kendi’s Chain of Ideas

      Greg Johnson

      18

    • Based Blacks

      Lipton Matthews

      12

    • Black Intellectual Fatigue

      Derek Stark

      37

    • Why White Advocates Should Avoid “Based Blacks”

      Dani Vypont

      26

    • Nietzsche & Race

      Mark Gullick

    • Editor’s Update
      Rob Rundo Rescheduled to Next Week on Counter-Currents Radio;
      Tonight Greg Johnson & David Zsutty Answer Your Questions;
      Fundraiser Update & a New $20,000 Matching Grant

      Greg Johnson

    • The Counter-Currents 2026 Fundraiser
      Lifetime Subscriber Welcome Packages Extended

      Greg Johnson

    • Nationalism This Week
      Who’s Looking Back?

      Greg Johnson

      29

    • China’s Threat to American Security:
      Food, Farmland, Foreign Control, & Energy Policy

      Lipton Matthews

      5

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part Two

      Collin Cleary

      16

    • The Killing of Henry Nowak

      Mark Gullick

      38

    • The Crisis of Chinese Technology Thieves

      Morris van de Camp

      1

    • The Strange World of Gender Bender Fiction:
      & What This Genre Tells Us About Autosexuality

      Dani Vypont

      3

    • Watching the Watchers:
      The Dark Triad Question

      David M. Zsutty

      14

    • The Remigration Movement Solidifies

      F. Roger Devlin

      1

    • Casting Aspersions:
      The Fatal Consequences of Race-Swapped Casting, From Helen of Troy to Henry of Southampton

      Steven Tucker

      20

    • The Murder of Henry Nowak

      Millennial Woes

      23

    • Don’t Forget to Vote in Our Writer & Article of the Month Poll

      Greg Johnson

    • The Robot Hotdog Stand

      Greg Johnson

      37

    • Laughing Our Way to Victory

      Dave Chambers

      7

    • The Zodiac Killer

      Mark Gullick

      11

    • Jared Taylor: What Rome Means to Me

      Jared Taylor

      1

    • An Interview with Endeavour:
      My Way of Life Is an Adventure!

      Ondrej Mann

      6

    • José Pedro Zúquete’s The Identitarians

      Greg Johnson

      3

    • Editor’s Update
      Fundraiser Update & How to Watch the Remigration Summit

      Greg Johnson

      5

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part One

      Collin Cleary

      12

    • Berlin: City of Stones

      Spencer J. Quinn

      6

    • True Folk-Horror Is Horror of Your Own Folk:
      Mark Gatiss vs the Brexit Blind Dead  

      Steven Tucker

      4

    • Counter-Currents Radio Podcast No. 689
      Thomas Massie, the America 2050 Bust, the Need for Whites to Divest from America, the AI Economic Apocalypse, & Pro-White Project Pitches to Billionaires

      Counter-Currents Radio

      7

    • Nationalism This Week
      Remigration is Inevitable, Part 3

      Greg Johnson

      27

    • Why Billionaires Should Fund White Identity Politics

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • How Cold War Two Came About

      Morris van de Camp

      5

    • Now Available for Pre-Order at a Special Price!
      Greg Johnson’s The Philosopher Is In

      Greg Johnson

    • David Zsutty’s Elevator Pitch to a Billionaire

      David M. Zsutty

      1

    • Headbanging Lite

      Mark Gullick

      5

    • White Advocacy Past and Present

      Peter Bradley

      13

    • The Lunch Wars

      David M. Zsutty

      47

    • The Russians are Coming/The Russians are Coming

      Steven Clark

      1

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      The Orthodox ideal - just like every other denomination - is people of all races worshiping together...

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      Isolate the police. Family or friends, no matter. Disown them. Maybe in time people will forgive...

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      Tikkun Olam. Repair of the World. Enabling mass immigration is a mitzvah or holy deed in the Repair...

    • I Do Not Surrender, My Hand Is Red.

      Uncivil War

      This is very good advice Joe. Very good.

    • NIdahoOrthodox

      Uncivil War

      How many tens of thousands of automatic weapons and tons of Semtex are in hidden caches in the North...

    • kolokol

      Uncivil War

      Stephen Ogilvie is the latest example of a decent, hard-working White person, killed by a useless...

    • Dr. X

      Uncivil War

      Great writeup. One error- I doubt the Republic of Ireland police (Garda) were responding on the...

    • kolokol

      Uncivil War

      This is a very good start. May it continue and accelerate, until all the invaders have been expelled...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      Ouch. Well, I had used the bullet formatting in the text box to break it up a bit... but it looks...

    • Gabe

      Uncivil War

      Scots-Irish is an American term. It's true that Presbyterians and others came from Scotland to...

    • Gabe

      Uncivil War

      I was just going to write that myself. The Garda Siochána, or guards, is a term they use in the...

    • Ondrej Mann

      Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky Part 2

      Thanks for the cultural tip. I’m currently preparing an interview for CC with the Austrian band...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      Also, a semi-related topic, but have you read Darren Beattie's Heidegger PhD thesis? I know that it...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      My mood is always improved by a fresh Cleary article. Great work as always. It's always fun to see...

    • Joe Gould

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      "That Whites are the only racial ingroup in which there seems to be any significant number of...

    • Nicholas

      Paul Krugman: Closet Bolshevik

      https://youtu.be/02MV3DD5pFc This is the link I intended to share. Let's hope this works.

    • Greg Johnson

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      All groups are mean to one another, to some extent. The question is whether this level of ingroup...

    • Joe Gould

      Uncivil War

      For Whites, one of the goals of philosophy, and of education in general, has to be this: we must...

    • Dani Vypont

      Uncivil War

      Northern Ireland has been in a civil war, both hot and cold, for decades. This religiously and...

    • David M. Zsutty

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      That Whites can be very mean to each other is a correct observation. However, this is a case of...

    • Earth Day Special

      John Morgan

      12

    • A Robertson Roundup
      Remembering Wilmot Robertson
      (April 16, 1915 – July 8, 2005)

      Margot Metroland

      13

    • The Paranoid Style in White Nationalism

      Greg Johnson

      30

    • Join the Dance!

      Andrew Hamilton

      1

    • We Can’t Save the Earth Without Reducing African Birth Rates

      James Dunphy

      36

    • “I’m Not a Conspiracy Theorist, but . . .”:
      Jeffrey Epstein’s Death Gives New Life to “Conspiracy Theories”

      Greg Johnson

      22

    • Sylvia Plath: Stasis in Darkness

      Vic Olvir

      17

    • Vanguardism, Vantardism, & Mainstreaming

      Greg Johnson

      80

    • Aviation, Geography, & Race

      Charles Lindbergh

      3

    • Some Thoughts on Yule

      Collin Cleary

      4

    • Living in Truth:
      A Yuletide Homily

      Jef Costello

      7

    • John Kennedy Toole’s A Confederacy of Dunces

      Greg Johnson

      20

    • On Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s Warning to the West

      Spencer J. Quinn

      7

    • Elitism, British Modernism, & Wyndham Lewis

      Jonathan Bowden

      6

    • Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? as Anti-Semitic/Christian-Gnostic Allegory

      Greg Johnson

      20

    • “Conspiracy Theory” or Conspiracy?

      Andrew Hamilton

      21

    • Remembering H. P. Lovecraft
      (August 20, 1890–March 15, 1937)

      Greg Johnson

      3

    • Who Are We?
      Nordics, Aryans, & Whites

      Greg Johnson

      71

    • Remembering William Gayley Simpson
      (July 23, 1892–December 31, 1990)
      A Pleasant Afternoon with Harriet & Bill Simpson

      Margot Metroland

      18

    • Here are the Young Men
      Remembering Ian Curtis
      (July 15, 1956–May 18, 1980)

      Mark Gullick

      18

    • Percy Grainger
      Artist of the Right

      Alex Graham

      7

    • Remembering Revilo Oliver
      (July 7, 1908–August 20, 1994)

      Greg Johnson

      18

    • The Meaning of July 4th for the White Man

      Gregory Hood

      13

    • The Front National’s Evolution

      Bruno Mégret

    • Merwin K. Hart
      Forgotten American Hero & Man of the Right

      Morris van de Camp

      10

    • George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four

      Jonathan Bowden

      8

    • Carleton S. Coon
      Scientist & Reluctant White Advocate

      Morris van de Camp

      3

    • The Kwanzaa Absurdity Will Be Dwarfed by Juneteenth

      Robert Hampton

      10

    • Stravinsky

      Alex Graham

      7

    • Like the Roman:
      Remembering Enoch Powell (1912-1998)

      Mark Gullick

      23

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 6

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Do You Want to Play a Game?

      Mark Gullick

      1

    • Sexually Incontinent on the Indian Subcontinent:
      Who Rapes More Animals, Indians or Pakistanis? The Battle Continues!

      Steven Tucker

      3

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 5

      Karel Veliky

      15

    • The Game of Tarot

      Mark Gullick

      2

    • Institutions Cannot Be Transplanted

      Jayant Bhandari

      5

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 5

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Crosstown Traffic:
      Jimi Hendrix & The Post-War Rock ‘N’ Roll Revolution

      Mark Gullick

      1

    • Slaves from the North:
      Finns & Karelians in the East European Slave Trade, 900–1600

      Lipton Matthews

      14

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 4

      Karel Veliky

      2

    • David Lean’s A Passage to India

      Spencer J. Quinn

      1

    • Elites are Essential to Development

      Lipton Matthews

      7

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 4

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 3

      Karel Veliky

      6

    • E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India & the Indian Mentality

      Spencer J. Quinn

      25

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 3

      Jonathan Bowden

    • The Rest Is Silence
      Heidegger’s Quietism

      Mark Gullick

      2

    • Dispelling the Historical Fallacy of Indian Nationalism

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 2

      Karel Veliky

      8

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 2

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Life of a Klansman

      Mark Gullick

      8

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance, Part 1

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Decolonial Ideas are Holding Back Developing Countries

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • Neo-fascism in Film, Part 1

      Karel Veliky

      21

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 8
      Divigations on Decadence

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 7
      Intrigues in the National Front

      Jonathan Bowden

      1

    • Rotten to the Core

      Mark Gullick

      8

    • Strauss on Husserl’s “Philosophy as Rigorous Science”

      Greg Johnson

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 6
      Francis Bacon & Right-Wing Nihilism

      Jonathan Bowden

    • London After (& Before) Midnight:
      Aleister Crowley, The Landlord’s Worst Nightmare

      James J. O'Meara

      2

    • András László
    • Derek Hawthorne
    • Beau Albrecht
    • Alain de Benoist
    • Kerry Bolton
    • Jonathan Bowden
    • Collin Cleary
    • Jef Costello
    • Savitri Devi
    • Julius Evola
    • Jim Goad
    • Gregory Hood
    • Juleigh Howard-Hobson
    • Greg Johnson
    • Charles Krafft
    • Anthony M. Ludovici
    • Trevor Lynch
    • H. L. Mencken
    • J. A. Nicholl
    • James J. O’Meara
    • Christopher Pankhurst
    • Tito Perdue
    • Michael Polignano
    • Spencer J. Quinn
    • Fenek Solère
    • Irmin Vinson
    • Leo Yankevich
    • Francis Parker Yockey
    • Multiple authors
  • Editor-in-Chief

    • Greg Johnson, Ph.D.

    Featured Writers

    • Beau Albrecht
    • Gunnar Alfredsson
    • Collin Cleary, Ph.D.
    • Jef Costello
    • Morris V. de Camp
    • F. Roger Devlin, Ph.D.
    • Stephen Paul Foster, Ph.D.
    • Jim Goad
    • Alex Graham
    • Mark Gullick, Ph.D.
    • Greg Johnson, Ph.D.
    • Travis LeBlanc
    • Trevor Lynch
    • Margot Metroland
    • James J. O’Meara
    • Angelo Plume
    • Spencer J. Quinn
    • Fred Reed
    • Clarissa Schnabel
    • Michael Walker
    • David M. Zsutty

    Frequent Writers

    • Asier Abadroa
    • Aquilonius
    • Alain de Benoist
    • Kerry Bolton, Ph.D.
    • Dave Chambers
    • Steven Clark
    • James Dunphy
    • Endeavour
    • Richard Houck
    • Jason Kessler
    • Titus Livius
    • Ondrej Mann
    • Lipton Matthews
    • Mark Mazari
    • John Morgan
    • Jaroslav Ostrogniew
    • Kathryn S.
    • Christian Secor
    • Anne Wilson Smith
    • Thomas Steuben
    • William De Vere
    • Kenneth Vinther
    • Max West

    Classic Authors

    • Maurice Bardèche
    • Jonathan Bowden
    • Julius Evola
    • Guillaume Faye
    • Ernst Jünger
    • Kevin MacDonald, Ph.D.
    • D. H. Lawrence
    • Charles Lindbergh
    • Jack London
    • H. P. Lovecraft
    • Anthony M. Ludovici
    • Sir Oswald Mosley
    • National Vanguard
    • Friedrich Nietzsche
    • Revilo Oliver
    • William Pierce
    • Ezra Pound
    • Saint-Loup
    • Savitri Devi
    • Carl Schmitt
    • Miguel Serrano
    • Oswald Spengler
    • P. R. Stephensen
    • Jean Thiriart
    • John Tyndall
    • Dominique Venner
    • Leo Yankevich
    • Francis Parker Yockey

    Other Authors

    • Howe Abbott-Hiss
    • Michael Bell
    • Giles Corey
    • Jack Donovan
    • Richardo Duchesne, Ph.D.
    • Emile Durand
    • Guillaume Durocher
    • Mark Dyal
    • Tom Goodroch
    • Andrew Hamilton
    • Robert Hampton
    • Huntley Haverstock
    • Derek Hawthorne
    • Gregory Hood
    • Juleigh Howard-Hobson
    • Alexander Jacob
    • Ruuben Kaalep
    • Tobias Langdon
    • Julian Langness
    • Patrick Le Brun
    • G A Malvicini
    • John Michael McCloughlin
    • Millennial Woes
    • Michael O’Meara
    • Christopher Pankhurst
    • Michael Polignano
    • J. J. Przybylski
    • Quintilian
    • Edouard Rix
    • C. B. Robertson
    • C. F. Robinson
    • Herve Ryssen
    • Alan Smithee
    • Fenek Solere
    • Ann Sterzinger
    • Robert Steuckers
    • Tomislav Sunic
    • Donald Thoresen
    • Marian Van Court
    • Irmin Vinson
    • Book Reviews
    • Movie Reviews
    • TV Reviews
    • Music Reviews
    • Art Criticism
    • Graphic Novels & Comics
    • Video Game Reviews
    • Fiction
    • Poems
    • Interviews
    • Videos
    • English Translations
    • Other Languages
      • Arabic
      • Bulgarian
      • Croatian
      • Czech
      • Danish
      • Dutch
      • Estonian
      • Finnish
      • French
      • German
      • Greek
      • Hungarian
      • Italian
      • Lithuanian
      • Norwegian
      • Polish
      • Portuguese
      • Romanian
      • Russian
      • Slovak
      • Spanish
      • Swedish
      • Ukrainian
    • Commemorations
    • Why We Write
  • Archives
  • Top 100 Commenters
  • The Looney Bin
  • Advertise
  • Private Events
  • T&C
  • About
  • Contact
  • RSS
    • Main feed
    • Podcast feed
    • Videos feed
    • Comments feed
Sponsored Links
Europa.com Above Time Coffee Antelope Hill Publishing Paul Waggener IHR-Store Spencer J. Quinn American Renaissance Jim Goad The Occidental Observer
Print May 12, 2012

Gustave Le Bon

Alain de Benoist

Gustave Le Bon, 1841–1931

1,488 words

Translations: English, German

Gustave Le Bon, Psychologie des foules

“A multidão é sempre intelectualmente inferior ao indivíduo isolado, mas do ponto de vista dos sentimentos e das ações que esses sentimentos provocam, a multidão pode, segundo as circunstâncias, ser melhor ou pior que o indivíduo. Tudo depende da natureza da sugestão à qual a multidão é exposta”.

Esse diagnóstico foi feito por um homem de estatura imponente e uma aparência irônica e severa, uma face suavemente desdenhosa, uma testa imensa, olhos penetrantes, e uma barba antiquada evocando os deuses da Renascença. Ele se chamava Gustave Le Bon. Ele nasceu em 1841 em Nogent-le-Rotrou.

Nascido de uma família de soldados e magistrados, de ascendência borgonhesa e bretão, Gustave Le Bon era um amigo de Théodole Ribot (Les maladies de la personnalité) e de Henri Poincaré (La science et l’hipothèse). Sua bibliografia, que é uma das mais importantes dos últimos dois séculos, é dominada por dois títulos: Psychologie des foules e L’é volution de la matière.

Um viajante infatigável, foram seus relatos de suas primeiras expedições (ao Norte da África, Índia, e Nepal) que primeiro atraíram atenção. “O ponto que permaneceu mais claramente fixo em minha mente”, ele escreveu em Les lois psychologiques de l’évolution des peuples, “é que cada povo possui uma constituição mental tão fixa quanto suas características anatômicas, uma constituição que é a fonte de seus sentimentos, pensamentos, instituições, crenças, e artes”.

Um precursor da psicologia social, ele era interessado tanto em etnografia quanto em antropologia, sociologia, filosofia da história, física, biologia, história das civilizações e doutrinas políticas, cartografia, e mesmo psicologia dos cavalos e equitação!

Um homem da ciência, vivendo sozinho em seu laboratório, em 1878 ele inventou o primeiro relógio capaz de rebobinar a si mesmo através das variações diárias em temperatura. Pouco depois, ele provou a existência da radioatividade. Muito antes de Einstein, ele demonstrou a falsidade do dogma da indestrutibilidade da matéria estabelecendo que matéria e energia são a mesma coisa sob aspectos diferentes (Mémoires de physique, L’évolution de la matière, La naissance et l’èvanouissement de la matière).

Em 1902, ele fundou a famosa Bibliothèque de Philosophe Scientifique, uma marca ainda publicada hoje por Flammarion.

Dedicado a Théodole Ribot, Psicologia da Multidão tanto estabeleceu seu autor como deu origem a um novo campo de estudo. Em 1929, o livro estava em sua 37ª edição. A idéia central de Psicologia da Multidão é que o indivíduo se torna outra pessoa ao se unir a uma multidão, uma “célula” cujo comportamente deixa de ser autônomo e que se subordina mais ou menos completamente ao grupo, quer permanentemente ou temporariamente, do qual ele é um dos constituintes.

A “Unidade Mental das Multidões”

Em um prefácio em geral desinteressante, Otto Klineberg, um professor na Sorbonne, relembra um dos princípios essenciais da psicologia da forma (Gestalttheorie): o todo é mais do que a simples soma de suas partes.

Como com a teoria dos todos, a multidão é portanto mais do que a mera soma dos indivíduos que a constituem. “É por essas razões”, escreve Le Bon, “que se vê júris dando vereditos que cada jurado individual desaprovaria, que assembléias parlamentares adotam leis e medidas que cada um de seus membros desaprovaria pessoalmente. Tomados separadamente, os homens da Convenção eram burgueses de hábitos pacíficos. Unidos em uma multidão, eles não hesitaram, sob a influência de alguns líderes, em enviar as mais manifestamente inocentes pessoas à guilhotina”.

A sugestão se torna exagerada ao ser recíproca. A multidão criminosa que assassinou de Launay, o governador da Bastilha em 14 de julho de 1789, consistiam majoritariamente de transeuntes desocupados, lojistas, e artesãos. Similarmente os massacres do Dia de São Bartolomeu e das Guerras Religiosas, as “tricoteuses” de 1793, as Communardas, etc.

Os mesmos excessos também podiam ser observados do outro lado: “A renúncia de todos os seus privilégios pela qual a nobreza votou na celebrada noite de 4 de agosto de 1789 jamais teria sido aceita por qualquer de seus membros tomados como indivíduos”.

Pode-se portanto enunciar uma “lei da unidade mental das multidões”, caracterizada pelo “desaparecimento da personalidade consciente e pela orientação de sentimentos e pensamentos na mesma direção”. “Nós entramos na era das multidões”, escreve Le Bon, que enfatiza as consequências da irrupção legal das massas na vida política. Com consequências perturbadoras – se é verdade que as “multidões não possuem poder para mais do que a destruição, seu domínio sempre representa um período de desordem”.

Barão Motono, um ex-Ministro das Relações Exteriores do Japão que traduziu Psicologia das Multidões ao japonês, escreveu: “Com o progesso da civilização, as raças, como os indivíduos de cada raça, tendem a se tornar cada vez mais diferenciados. Portanto não é em direção à igualdade que a humanidade avança, mas em direção a uma progressiva desigualdade”.

O próprio Le Bon também acreditava que “o fator racial deve ser colocado acima de todos os outros, pois por conta própria ele é muito mais importante do que todos os outros em determinar as idéias e crenças das multidões”.

Isso explica porque os traços da caráter manifestos pelas multidões, sendo governados pelo inconsciente, são “possuídos pela maioria dos indivíduos normais de uma raça praticamente em mesma medida”. A “multidão psicológica” assim age para revelar a alma coletiva, no sentido de Jung: “O heterogêneo é sobrepujado pelo homogêno, e as qualidades inconscientes predominam”.

O que explica a qualidade de curto prazo da ação das multidões: “As decisões de uma natureza geral feitas por uma assembléia de homens distintos, mas de especialidades diferentes, não são sensivelmente superiores às decisões que seriam tomadas por uma reunião de imbecis. Eles só podem reunir, em verdade, aquelas qualidades medíocres que todos possuem. Multidões acumulam, não inteligência, mas mediocridade”.

Tradições guiam o povo. Apenas as formas exteriores das tradições são modificadas, o que dá a ilusão de sociedades rompendo com seu passado. “Uma multidão latina”, nota Le Bon, “não importa quão revolucionária ou quão conservadora se supõe que seja, invariavelmente apelará ao Estado para realizar suas demandas. Ela sempre se distingue por uma tendência notável para a centralização e por uma inclinação, mais ou menos pronunciada, em favor de uma ditadura. Uma multidão inglesa ou americana, ao contrário, não reserva nada para o Estado, e apela apenas à iniciativa privada. Uma multidão francesa põe peso particular na igualdade e uma multidão inglesa na liberdade. Essas diferenças raciais explicam como é que há quase tantos tipos distintos de multidões como há de nações”.

Le Bon acrescenta: “O conjunto de características comuns impostas pelo meio e pela hereditariedade sobre todos os indivíduos de um povo constitui a alma de seu povo”.

Multidões são também intolerantes e “femininas” (“mas as mais femininas de todas”, diz Le Bon, “são as multidões latinas”). Entre elas, o instinto sempre vence sobre a razão. Inclinadas à simploriedade, a juízos excessivos, elas não toleram contradições. “Sempre prontas para se sublevar contra uma autoridade frágil, elas se curvam com servilidade diante de uma autoridade forte”.

Homens de Ação

Conhecer a arte de impressionar a imaginação das multidões é conhecer a arte de governá-las. “É sempre o lado maravilhoso e lendário dos eventos que mais especialmente assombra as multidões. Ademais, todos os grandes estadistas de cada era e cada país, incluindo os déspotas mais absolutos, consideraram a imaginação popular como a base de seu poder”.

Napoleão disse ao Conselho de Estado: “Foi tornando-me católico que eu dei fim à Guerra da Vendéia; tornando-me muçulmano que eu me estabeleci no Egito; tornando-me ultramontano que eu conquistei os padres na Itália”.

“O homem pode geralmente fazer mais do que ele crê, mas ele não sabe sempre o que pode fazer”. Os líderes das multidões revelam isso a ele. Os líderes das multidões não são homens de pensamento, mas homens de ação. Eles tem mais energia do que inteligência pura. Sua ascendência assume a forma de um grande desígnio que cataliza vontades e orienta instintos.

Idéias simples tornam a conquista das multidões mais fáceis, acima de tudo idéias que sejam ricas em promessas, entre as quais Le Bon cita “as idéias cristãs da Idade Média, as idéias democráticas do último século, as idéias socialistas de hoje”.

Georges Sorel, o autor de Réflexions sur la violence, escreveu: “Se a psicologia algum diz for bem sucedida, entre nós, em ser anexada ao domínio do conhecimento que um homem deve possuir para ter o direito de se considerar verdadeiramente cultivado, nós deveremos o resultado aos esforços perseverantes de Gustave Le Bon”.

Psicologia das Multidões já foi traduzido em uma dúzia de línguas, incluindo russo, turco, japonês, e árabe. Anunciando as grandes convulsões revolucionárias do século recente, de fato os desenvolvimentos mais recentes da guerra psicológica, ela foi na década de 1920 a leitura de cabeceira dos oficiais da École Supérieur de Guerre, e entre eles, em 1922, do jovem capitão De Gaulle. O obscurantismo durkheimiano, que desde então tem oprimido a sociologia francesa, foi incapaz de ocultar sua importância.

O livro tem 82 anos de idade. Ele não envelheceu um único dia.

 

Gustave Le Bon

Gustave%20Le%20Bon

Share

  • Gab

Enjoyed this article?

Be the first to leave a tip in the jar!

Instant Echeck GreenPay™

Related

  • José Pedro Zúquete’s The Identitarians

  • A Novel Approach: Roberto Bolaño’s 2666

  • Restoring American Deterrence through Innovation and Industry

  • E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India & the Indian Mentality

  • The Theology Behind Ruby Ridge

  • The Rest Is Silence: Heidegger’s Quietism

  • Matt’s Negative Gloss: Matt Goodwin’s Suicide of a Nation, Part Two

  • Matt GPT? Matt Goodwin’s Suicide of a Nation, Part One

Tags

Alain de Benoistbook reviewsGustave Le Bonin Portuguesein translationmass psychologysocial psychology
Upcoming podcasts
  • Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio

    Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio

    Counter-Currents Radio

    Sat, Jun 13th — 3 pm EST / 9 pm CET

Writers of May

(2 votes) Morris van de Camp David M. Zsutty Derek Stark Jayant Bhandari Greg Johnson

Articles of May

Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part One by Collin Cleary The Lunch Wars by David M. Zsutty 2 votes
    • Editor’s Update
      Rob Rundo on Counter-Currents Radio, Fundraiser Update, & a New $20,000 Matching Grant

      Greg Johnson

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part Three

      Collin Cleary

      7

    • Uncivil War

      Mark Gullick

      31

    • Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky:
      The Final Chapter in the Film Series! Part II

      Ondrej Mann

      2

    • Happy Birthday to Us!

      Greg Johnson

      6

    • Zsutty’s Maximum

      David M. Zsutty

      15

    • Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky:
      The Final Chapter in the Film Series! Part I

      Ondrej Mann

      2

    • The Union Jackal, June 2026

      Mark Gullick

      23

    • The Inferiority Behind Immigrant Superiority

      Jayant Bhandari

      15

    • Counter-Currents Radio Podcast No. 690
      Greg Johnson & David Zsutty Discuss Current Things: AI, Henry Nowak, the Iran Crisis, & More

      Counter-Currents Radio

      5

    • Collin Cleary: What Rome Means to Me

      Collin Cleary

      4

    • Paul Krugman: Closet Bolshevik

      Spencer J. Quinn

      19

    • Fugue of Ideas:
      Ibram X. Kendi’s Chain of Ideas

      Greg Johnson

      18

    • Based Blacks

      Lipton Matthews

      12

    • Black Intellectual Fatigue

      Derek Stark

      37

    • Why White Advocates Should Avoid “Based Blacks”

      Dani Vypont

      26

    • Nietzsche & Race

      Mark Gullick

    • Editor’s Update
      Rob Rundo Rescheduled to Next Week on Counter-Currents Radio;
      Tonight Greg Johnson & David Zsutty Answer Your Questions;
      Fundraiser Update & a New $20,000 Matching Grant

      Greg Johnson

    • The Counter-Currents 2026 Fundraiser
      Lifetime Subscriber Welcome Packages Extended

      Greg Johnson

    • Nationalism This Week
      Who’s Looking Back?

      Greg Johnson

      29

    • China’s Threat to American Security:
      Food, Farmland, Foreign Control, & Energy Policy

      Lipton Matthews

      5

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part Two

      Collin Cleary

      16

    • The Killing of Henry Nowak

      Mark Gullick

      38

    • The Crisis of Chinese Technology Thieves

      Morris van de Camp

      1

    • The Strange World of Gender Bender Fiction:
      & What This Genre Tells Us About Autosexuality

      Dani Vypont

      3

    • Watching the Watchers:
      The Dark Triad Question

      David M. Zsutty

      14

    • The Remigration Movement Solidifies

      F. Roger Devlin

      1

    • Casting Aspersions:
      The Fatal Consequences of Race-Swapped Casting, From Helen of Troy to Henry of Southampton

      Steven Tucker

      20

    • The Murder of Henry Nowak

      Millennial Woes

      23

    • Don’t Forget to Vote in Our Writer & Article of the Month Poll

      Greg Johnson

    • The Robot Hotdog Stand

      Greg Johnson

      37

    • Laughing Our Way to Victory

      Dave Chambers

      7

    • The Zodiac Killer

      Mark Gullick

      11

    • Jared Taylor: What Rome Means to Me

      Jared Taylor

      1

    • An Interview with Endeavour:
      My Way of Life Is an Adventure!

      Ondrej Mann

      6

    • José Pedro Zúquete’s The Identitarians

      Greg Johnson

      3

    • Editor’s Update
      Fundraiser Update & How to Watch the Remigration Summit

      Greg Johnson

      5

    • The Bitter End of Western Metaphysics:
      Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part One

      Collin Cleary

      12

    • Berlin: City of Stones

      Spencer J. Quinn

      6

    • True Folk-Horror Is Horror of Your Own Folk:
      Mark Gatiss vs the Brexit Blind Dead  

      Steven Tucker

      4

    • Counter-Currents Radio Podcast No. 689
      Thomas Massie, the America 2050 Bust, the Need for Whites to Divest from America, the AI Economic Apocalypse, & Pro-White Project Pitches to Billionaires

      Counter-Currents Radio

      7

    • Nationalism This Week
      Remigration is Inevitable, Part 3

      Greg Johnson

      27

    • Why Billionaires Should Fund White Identity Politics

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • How Cold War Two Came About

      Morris van de Camp

      5

    • Now Available for Pre-Order at a Special Price!
      Greg Johnson’s The Philosopher Is In

      Greg Johnson

    • David Zsutty’s Elevator Pitch to a Billionaire

      David M. Zsutty

      1

    • Headbanging Lite

      Mark Gullick

      5

    • White Advocacy Past and Present

      Peter Bradley

      13

    • The Lunch Wars

      David M. Zsutty

      47

    • The Russians are Coming/The Russians are Coming

      Steven Clark

      1

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      The Orthodox ideal - just like every other denomination - is people of all races worshiping together...

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      Isolate the police. Family or friends, no matter. Disown them. Maybe in time people will forgive...

    • Jaego

      Uncivil War

      Tikkun Olam. Repair of the World. Enabling mass immigration is a mitzvah or holy deed in the Repair...

    • I Do Not Surrender, My Hand Is Red.

      Uncivil War

      This is very good advice Joe. Very good.

    • NIdahoOrthodox

      Uncivil War

      How many tens of thousands of automatic weapons and tons of Semtex are in hidden caches in the North...

    • kolokol

      Uncivil War

      Stephen Ogilvie is the latest example of a decent, hard-working White person, killed by a useless...

    • Dr. X

      Uncivil War

      Great writeup. One error- I doubt the Republic of Ireland police (Garda) were responding on the...

    • kolokol

      Uncivil War

      This is a very good start. May it continue and accelerate, until all the invaders have been expelled...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      Ouch. Well, I had used the bullet formatting in the text box to break it up a bit... but it looks...

    • Gabe

      Uncivil War

      Scots-Irish is an American term. It's true that Presbyterians and others came from Scotland to...

    • Gabe

      Uncivil War

      I was just going to write that myself. The Garda Siochána, or guards, is a term they use in the...

    • Ondrej Mann

      Exclusive Interview with Karel Veliky Part 2

      Thanks for the cultural tip. I’m currently preparing an interview for CC with the Austrian band...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      Also, a semi-related topic, but have you read Darren Beattie's Heidegger PhD thesis? I know that it...

    • Observer

      Heidegger on Nietzsche Part Three

      My mood is always improved by a fresh Cleary article. Great work as always. It's always fun to see...

    • Joe Gould

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      "That Whites are the only racial ingroup in which there seems to be any significant number of...

    • Nicholas

      Paul Krugman: Closet Bolshevik

      https://youtu.be/02MV3DD5pFc This is the link I intended to share. Let's hope this works.

    • Greg Johnson

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      All groups are mean to one another, to some extent. The question is whether this level of ingroup...

    • Joe Gould

      Uncivil War

      For Whites, one of the goals of philosophy, and of education in general, has to be this: we must...

    • Dani Vypont

      Uncivil War

      Northern Ireland has been in a civil war, both hot and cold, for decades. This religiously and...

    • David M. Zsutty

      Zsutty’s Maximum

      That Whites can be very mean to each other is a correct observation. However, this is a case of...

    • Earth Day Special

      John Morgan

      12

    • A Robertson Roundup
      Remembering Wilmot Robertson
      (April 16, 1915 – July 8, 2005)

      Margot Metroland

      13

    • The Paranoid Style in White Nationalism

      Greg Johnson

      30

    • Join the Dance!

      Andrew Hamilton

      1

    • We Can’t Save the Earth Without Reducing African Birth Rates

      James Dunphy

      36

    • “I’m Not a Conspiracy Theorist, but . . .”:
      Jeffrey Epstein’s Death Gives New Life to “Conspiracy Theories”

      Greg Johnson

      22

    • Sylvia Plath: Stasis in Darkness

      Vic Olvir

      17

    • Vanguardism, Vantardism, & Mainstreaming

      Greg Johnson

      80

    • Aviation, Geography, & Race

      Charles Lindbergh

      3

    • Some Thoughts on Yule

      Collin Cleary

      4

    • Living in Truth:
      A Yuletide Homily

      Jef Costello

      7

    • John Kennedy Toole’s A Confederacy of Dunces

      Greg Johnson

      20

    • On Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s Warning to the West

      Spencer J. Quinn

      7

    • Elitism, British Modernism, & Wyndham Lewis

      Jonathan Bowden

      6

    • Philip K. Dick’s Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? as Anti-Semitic/Christian-Gnostic Allegory

      Greg Johnson

      20

    • “Conspiracy Theory” or Conspiracy?

      Andrew Hamilton

      21

    • Remembering H. P. Lovecraft
      (August 20, 1890–March 15, 1937)

      Greg Johnson

      3

    • Who Are We?
      Nordics, Aryans, & Whites

      Greg Johnson

      71

    • Remembering William Gayley Simpson
      (July 23, 1892–December 31, 1990)
      A Pleasant Afternoon with Harriet & Bill Simpson

      Margot Metroland

      18

    • Here are the Young Men
      Remembering Ian Curtis
      (July 15, 1956–May 18, 1980)

      Mark Gullick

      18

    • Percy Grainger
      Artist of the Right

      Alex Graham

      7

    • Remembering Revilo Oliver
      (July 7, 1908–August 20, 1994)

      Greg Johnson

      18

    • The Meaning of July 4th for the White Man

      Gregory Hood

      13

    • The Front National’s Evolution

      Bruno Mégret

    • Merwin K. Hart
      Forgotten American Hero & Man of the Right

      Morris van de Camp

      10

    • George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four

      Jonathan Bowden

      8

    • Carleton S. Coon
      Scientist & Reluctant White Advocate

      Morris van de Camp

      3

    • The Kwanzaa Absurdity Will Be Dwarfed by Juneteenth

      Robert Hampton

      10

    • Stravinsky

      Alex Graham

      7

    • Like the Roman:
      Remembering Enoch Powell (1912-1998)

      Mark Gullick

      23

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 6

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Do You Want to Play a Game?

      Mark Gullick

      1

    • Sexually Incontinent on the Indian Subcontinent:
      Who Rapes More Animals, Indians or Pakistanis? The Battle Continues!

      Steven Tucker

      3

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 5

      Karel Veliky

      15

    • The Game of Tarot

      Mark Gullick

      2

    • Institutions Cannot Be Transplanted

      Jayant Bhandari

      5

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 5

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Crosstown Traffic:
      Jimi Hendrix & The Post-War Rock ‘N’ Roll Revolution

      Mark Gullick

      1

    • Slaves from the North:
      Finns & Karelians in the East European Slave Trade, 900–1600

      Lipton Matthews

      14

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 4

      Karel Veliky

      2

    • David Lean’s A Passage to India

      Spencer J. Quinn

      1

    • Elites are Essential to Development

      Lipton Matthews

      7

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 4

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 3

      Karel Veliky

      6

    • E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India & the Indian Mentality

      Spencer J. Quinn

      25

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 3

      Jonathan Bowden

    • The Rest Is Silence
      Heidegger’s Quietism

      Mark Gullick

      2

    • Dispelling the Historical Fallacy of Indian Nationalism

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • Neo-Fascism in Film
      Part 2

      Karel Veliky

      8

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance
      Part 2

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Life of a Klansman

      Mark Gullick

      8

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Deliverance, Part 1

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Decolonial Ideas are Holding Back Developing Countries

      Lipton Matthews

      8

    • Neo-fascism in Film, Part 1

      Karel Veliky

      21

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 8
      Divigations on Decadence

      Jonathan Bowden

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 7
      Intrigues in the National Front

      Jonathan Bowden

      1

    • Rotten to the Core

      Mark Gullick

      8

    • Strauss on Husserl’s “Philosophy as Rigorous Science”

      Greg Johnson

    • Jonathan Bowden’s Onslaught, Part 6
      Francis Bacon & Right-Wing Nihilism

      Jonathan Bowden

    • London After (& Before) Midnight:
      Aleister Crowley, The Landlord’s Worst Nightmare

      James J. O'Meara

      2

    • András László
    • Derek Hawthorne
    • Beau Albrecht
    • Alain de Benoist
    • Kerry Bolton
    • Jonathan Bowden
    • Collin Cleary
    • Jef Costello
    • Savitri Devi
    • Julius Evola
    • Jim Goad
    • Gregory Hood
    • Juleigh Howard-Hobson
    • Greg Johnson
    • Charles Krafft
    • Anthony M. Ludovici
    • Trevor Lynch
    • H. L. Mencken
    • J. A. Nicholl
    • James J. O’Meara
    • Christopher Pankhurst
    • Tito Perdue
    • Michael Polignano
    • Spencer J. Quinn
    • Fenek Solère
    • Irmin Vinson
    • Leo Yankevich
    • Francis Parker Yockey
    • Multiple authors
  • Editor-in-Chief

    • Greg Johnson, Ph.D.

    Featured Writers

    • Beau Albrecht
    • Gunnar Alfredsson
    • Collin Cleary, Ph.D.
    • Jef Costello
    • Morris V. de Camp
    • F. Roger Devlin, Ph.D.
    • Stephen Paul Foster, Ph.D.
    • Jim Goad
    • Alex Graham
    • Mark Gullick, Ph.D.
    • Greg Johnson, Ph.D.
    • Travis LeBlanc
    • Trevor Lynch
    • Margot Metroland
    • James J. O’Meara
    • Angelo Plume
    • Spencer J. Quinn
    • Fred Reed
    • Clarissa Schnabel
    • Michael Walker
    • David M. Zsutty

    Frequent Writers

    • Asier Abadroa
    • Aquilonius
    • Alain de Benoist
    • Kerry Bolton, Ph.D.
    • Dave Chambers
    • Steven Clark
    • James Dunphy
    • Endeavour
    • Richard Houck
    • Jason Kessler
    • Titus Livius
    • Ondrej Mann
    • Lipton Matthews
    • Mark Mazari
    • John Morgan
    • Jaroslav Ostrogniew
    • Kathryn S.
    • Christian Secor
    • Anne Wilson Smith
    • Thomas Steuben
    • William De Vere
    • Kenneth Vinther
    • Max West

    Classic Authors

    • Maurice Bardèche
    • Jonathan Bowden
    • Julius Evola
    • Guillaume Faye
    • Ernst Jünger
    • Kevin MacDonald, Ph.D.
    • D. H. Lawrence
    • Charles Lindbergh
    • Jack London
    • H. P. Lovecraft
    • Anthony M. Ludovici
    • Sir Oswald Mosley
    • National Vanguard
    • Friedrich Nietzsche
    • Revilo Oliver
    • William Pierce
    • Ezra Pound
    • Saint-Loup
    • Savitri Devi
    • Carl Schmitt
    • Miguel Serrano
    • Oswald Spengler
    • P. R. Stephensen
    • Jean Thiriart
    • John Tyndall
    • Dominique Venner
    • Leo Yankevich
    • Francis Parker Yockey

    Other Authors

    • Howe Abbott-Hiss
    • Michael Bell
    • Giles Corey
    • Jack Donovan
    • Richardo Duchesne, Ph.D.
    • Emile Durand
    • Guillaume Durocher
    • Mark Dyal
    • Tom Goodroch
    • Andrew Hamilton
    • Robert Hampton
    • Huntley Haverstock
    • Derek Hawthorne
    • Gregory Hood
    • Juleigh Howard-Hobson
    • Alexander Jacob
    • Ruuben Kaalep
    • Tobias Langdon
    • Julian Langness
    • Patrick Le Brun
    • G A Malvicini
    • John Michael McCloughlin
    • Millennial Woes
    • Michael O’Meara
    • Christopher Pankhurst
    • Michael Polignano
    • J. J. Przybylski
    • Quintilian
    • Edouard Rix
    • C. B. Robertson
    • C. F. Robinson
    • Herve Ryssen
    • Alan Smithee
    • Fenek Solere
    • Ann Sterzinger
    • Robert Steuckers
    • Tomislav Sunic
    • Donald Thoresen
    • Marian Van Court
    • Irmin Vinson
    • Book Reviews
    • Movie Reviews
    • TV Reviews
    • Music Reviews
    • Art Criticism
    • Graphic Novels & Comics
    • Video Game Reviews
    • Fiction
    • Poems
    • Interviews
    • Videos
    • English Translations
    • Other Languages
      • Arabic
      • Bulgarian
      • Croatian
      • Czech
      • Danish
      • Dutch
      • Estonian
      • Finnish
      • French
      • German
      • Greek
      • Hungarian
      • Italian
      • Lithuanian
      • Norwegian
      • Polish
      • Portuguese
      • Romanian
      • Russian
      • Slovak
      • Spanish
      • Swedish
      • Ukrainian
    • Commemorations
    • Why We Write
  • Archives
  • Top 100 Commenters
  • The Looney Bin
Sponsored Links
Europa.com Above Time Coffee Antelope Hill Publishing Paul Waggener IHR-Store Spencer J. Quinn American Renaissance Jim Goad The Occidental Observer
Donate Now Mailing list
Books for sale
  • The Philosopher Is In
  • Sexual Utopia in Power (Expanded Edition)
  • In Defense of Prejudice
  • Loving Our Own
  • Tyranny & Wisdom
  • The Populist Moment
  • Is America Doomed?
  • To all books
Copyright © 2026 Counter-Currents Publishing, Ltd.

Paywall Access





Please enter your email address.

Lost your password?

Edit your comment

Writer & Article of the Month May 2026

Voting for this month has concluded. Here are the final results!

Top Writers

  • #1 Morris van de Camp 2 votes
  • #2 David M. Zsutty 2 votes
  • #3 Derek Stark 2 votes
  • #4 Jayant Bhandari 2 votes
  • #5 Greg Johnson 2 votes
  • #6 Jared Taylor 1 vote
  • #7 Collin Cleary 1 vote
  • #8 Spencer J. Quinn 1 vote
  • #9 Mark Gullick 1 vote
  • #10 Lipton Matthews 1 vote
  • #11 Keith Woods 1 vote
  • #12 Steven Tucker 1 vote

Top Articles

  • #1 Heidegger on Nietzsche, Part One 2 votes
  • #2 The Lunch Wars 2 votes
  • #3 The Ghost of the Confederacy 1 vote
  • #4 Lothrop Stoddard’s The Revolt Against Civilization 1 vote
  • #5 Could Fascism Work? 1 vote
  • #6 Jared Taylor's Elevator Pitch to a Billionaire 1 vote
  • #7 Predation Wearing the Mask of Civilization 1 vote
  • #8 Peak Fatigue in Fort Wayne 1 vote
  • #9 Keith Wood's Elevator Pitch to a Billionaire 1 vote
  • #10 Do You Want to Play a Game? 1 vote
  • #11 Why Billionaires Should Fund White Identity Politics 1 vote
  • #12 The 1970s: The Golden Age of Hijacking 1 vote
  • #13 True Folk-Horror Is Horror of Your Own Folk 1 vote
  • #14 Finding Atlantis Part 4 1 vote
  • #15 Berlin: City of Stones 1 vote

Total votes cast: 17